LED light 15% Increase Agricultural Production
Do you know, fluorescent lamp LED (Light Emitting Diode) on the laptop or mobile phone you can boost the productivity of tomatoes, roses, and Kalanchoe? The proof is in the Netherlands.
In the land of Windmills tomatoes grown in greenhouses need additional light for optimal photosynthesis. Glascultures Dekker BV, producer of tomatoes in Wervershoof, combining the use of High Pressure Sodium lamps (HPS / SONT) and the LED with the same amount. The result is the production of tomatoes in the greenhouse area of 700 m2 increased 15%, rather than just using HPS. Please understand, LED lights according to crop needs to photosynthesise.
According to Ir Hapsiati, praktikus alumnus tissue culture Bogor Institute of Agriculture Department of Biology, blue and red light is only effective plants used for photosynthesis. Dekker worked with Philips Lighting, lamp manufacturers, using LED lights with a ratio of red and blue light spectrum 90:10.
Research by Lemnis Lighting BV, a manufacturer of lamps in the Netherlands, on the rose plants were obtained encouraging thing. ‘Using LEDs 95% red and 5% blue, roses in greenhouse production 15% higher than just using SONT,’ said Jeroen van Velzen, director for greenhouse lighting Lemnis Lighting BV.
According to Dr Djoko Triyono, a lecturer at the Faculty of Physics, University of Indonesia, Depok, West Java, the LED is a semiconductor material that emits monochromatic light with a bandwidth or a very narrow wavelength. This means that visible light emitted only one color except white LEDs that are polychromatic. Differences with incandescent lamp which emits polychromatic so many colors with different wavelengths such as white light. White light is a composite of visible light – a rainbow of color that can be caught by the human eye – with wavelength 380-750 nm.
Therefore, in the LEDs, ‘Color was manipulated emitted depends on material used,’ said Dr. Kusumawijaya Literature, professor of Instrumentation Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, UI. For example aluminum gallium (AlGaAs) or AlGaP emit red and infrared light; zinc selenide (ZnSe) or SiC blue; and gallium phosphide (GaP) green.
Engineering makes colors appear more attractive LED lamps instead of incandescent and fluorescent lamps. No wonder LED lights are widely used on billboards or decorative lights on cars and motorcycles. In Singapore 98% using LED traffic lights. If the LED light engineering – to only emit blue light and red – used in plant cultivation, the results are like tomatoes and roses on this: higher productivity for optimal photosynthetic process.
Modification of light as it can also be done by using colored plastic film. Plastic color effect on light waves are transmitted. ‘For example, a plastic blue and green lights went on largely by waves of light blue and green, while red light is absorbed, “Djoko said.
The use of blue plastic made of plant growth is slow, but it figures to be shorter and thicker. Green plastic causes plants to grow slow and miserable. According to Ir Yos Sutiyoso, praktikus ornamental plant in Jakarta, red plastic planters have been used in South America. ‘Thailand also began to develop the use of colored plastic for the cultivation of plants,’ said Kasem Usman, fruit grower in Lampung.
LED lighting is very minimal so that the heat issue can be placed near the plant. Ordinary incandescent lamps should be placed more than 62.5 cm from leaf to leaf scorch. According to Jaco Dijkshoorn, BVB director of substrates, in subtropical countries typically up to 5 m. high greenhouse
As a result, ‘At planting Kalanchoe and orchids – a short figure – a lot of empty space is not utilized. With LED lights, Kalanchoe and orchids can be planted in stages. Production so many times with the same area, ‘said Henk van Staalduinen, praktikus Dutch ornamental plant. LED does not emit any heat suitable for tissue culture.
Another advantage, ‘energy-efficient LEDs,’ said Ramon van der Hilst, researchers at the Lemnis Lighting BV. According to the literature for incandescent lights need much higher energy than LEDs because there is a bulb filament. Electrified filament that becomes hot and emits light. The heat was off infrared light photons. Only about 10% of photons of light produced is in the visible light spectrum.
Conversely LED lights emit light from the movement of electrons and holes in semiconductor materials given the relatively small forward voltage. ‘With a bit of energy had been able to produce LED light,’ said the Literature. According to calculation, approximately 150 white LED with 308 lumens requires only 9.2 watts of power. That’s equivalent to 70 watts of ordinary light. If you had to pay Rp600 per kWh, then for the use of LED lamps 1000 hours Rp5.520 costs. While the usual 70 W lamp during the 1000 hours must pay Rp63.000.
That’s a good news for chrysanthemum grower in the homeland. Understandably, chrysanthemum need a long day for vegetatifnya growth phase. According Ir Sulyo Yoyo MS, a researcher at Research Institute of Ornamental Plants (Plants), Institute, Cianjur, West Java, usually planters provide additional light to turn on the lights after hours of 7 pm for 4 hours. ‘Cost light on the cultivation of chrysanthemums around 10% of the total operational costs,’ says Yiyin Nasihin, SP, in the cultivation of Chrysanthemum Plants. With the use of LED operating costs would be minimized.
According to the literature because of the LED with no filament so long-lasting LED lights also because there is no filament to burn. Remaining life can be 60 times longer than the light bulb, and 10 times longer than fluorescent lights. Small plastic bulb which also makes it more durable lamp. Are also special carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted by the LED light so it is considered as environmentally friendly lighting.
The use of diode light for horticulture cultivation was introduced in Holland in 2004 by Dutch engineering consulting firm KEMA. That is to overcome the high energy consumption lamps in plant cultivation, especially in winter. Since then, many researchers to design various models of LED lighting installations to be used in greenhouses.
In Hortifair 2009, there are four Trubus find companies that offer light diodes for horticulture cultivation. Call it the Philips, Lemnis Lighting, Light Technology Co. Bio Nano., Ltd., and Beijing IEDA Protected horticultural Co.., Ltd..
After all, according to Simon Poulter, senior director of external communications (professional), Philips Lighting, much remains to be investigated to get the best lighting level at the plant. That’s because each type of plant has a different response to light. Later 4-5 years is not impossible garden chrysanthemums in homeland began using LEDs for low-cost, environmentally friendly, and able to boost production. (Rosy Nur File)
Indonesian Agriculture Magazine : http://www.trubus-online.co.id
Online version: http://www.trubus-online.co.id/mod.php?mod=publisher&op=viewarticle&cid=2&artid=2189
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